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BronzeAgeReligion | IronAgeReligion | Death | Glossary | Bibliography | Activities The earliest Canaanite temples of the Bronze
Age consisted of a broad room, open porch and
court. Facing the entrance in the broad room was a
stone altar for sacrifices. Over time, temples
developed into tripartite buildings, consisting of
an entrance porch and a main room with a cult
niche, sometimes called the "Holy of Holies."
Excavated temples reveal cult objects such as
libation tables, incense altars, cylindrical
offering stands, seals and bronze figurines. A few
temples have produced tall basalt stele and seated
statues of a male god. Sacred places in the ancient Near East often
remained holy over very long periods of time. Over
a period of more than 400 years, a superimposed
series of five temples were built at Beth
Shean. When Egyptian soldiers arrived at Beth Shean
they rebuilt a small Canaanite temple in a modified
Egyptian style. From the 15th-11th century BCE,
three more rebuildings occurred. The last temple
may correspond to the Philistine "temple of
Astarte" mentioned in the biblical story of the
death of Saul, the first king of Israel.
These temples were lavishly equipped with
objects indicating an interesting mixture of
Egyptian and Canaanite religious practices. Small
faience objects, rattles, bowls, cat figurines and
an ivory clapper are associated with the worship of
the Egyptian goddess Hathor. Canaanite religious
practices are represented by ceramic ritual
vessels, nude goddess figurines, and seated gods in
bronze and gold. Memorial stele erected in the temple courts
show Egyptians making offerings to "Mekel, Lord of
Beth Shean" and to the Canaanite goddess "Antit,"
proving that Egyptians included Canaanite gods in
their
worship. |
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